review: ancient Greek

the world's great civilization all located on rivers.

• Mesopotamia / Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
• Egypt / Nile River
• India / Indus River
• China / Huang He River

Homer

• the story teller
• no one knows for a fact that Homer actually lived
• would have been born before calender
• was famous for his poetry
• died in Greece
• Homer was blind
• first great writer
• his writing style formed Greek education and influenced western civilization
• the poems of lliad represent the seige of the city

Pericales 

• 495 - 429 BC
• was a brilliant general, orator (A public speaker), patorn of the heart
• grew up in the company of artists and philosophers
• was a master orator

An Aristocracy is a government ruled 

• Tyranny was common in ancient Greece. Power is not inherited like a monarchy

Greek Gods and Goddess

• Amphitrite - Greek Goddess of the sea
• Eriene - Goddess of peace 
• Ares - God of war
• Hades - God of the dead, king of the underground, brother of Zeus
• Poseidon - God of seas, rivers, floods, brother of Zeus 
• Aphrodite - Goddess of love, beauty, desire, sexuality, had lovers of both god and men, her lover include: Ares(god of war), Adonis (god of desire), Anchises (a mortal)
• Dionysus  - god of wine, was son of Zeus(God) and Semele(a human)
• Zeus - ruler of heaven and earth, father of Athena, God of the sky, weather, thunder, lightning, law, order and Justice, and he had a temper and was known to hurl thunderbolts 
• Athena - Goddess of wisdom, skill, warfare and peace, was born from Zeus head fully formed and armored, a speacial patron of heroes, patron of Athena (city named after her)
• Apollo - god of music, art, knowledge, healing, son of Zeus, brother of Artemis (associated with the moon), associated with the sun
• Demeter - goddess of the grain harvest agriculture, Zeus's sister
• God and Goddess are important because they control over many different aspect

Athens, Sparta and the Peloponnesiam War

• Greeks were certainly a warlike people 
• Spartans were known for their tough, ruthless infantry: soldiers who fought on land 
• Spartan boys trained from the time they were seven
• real Spartan were much more fearsome than those oily gym rats in the movie 300

Art and Architecture in Ancient Greece

• Architecture - showing political power
• Frieze - most famous frieze is on the
• classical architecture in ancient Greek
• Doric - very sturdy
• Ionic
• Corinthian  
• red figure - style of Greek(530 BC)
• black figure - 700 BC

Socrates, Plato and Aristotle

Socrates

• Socrates was born in 469 BCE and died in 399 BCE.
• He is one of the most famous and influential philosophers from Greece.
• Philosophy was his passion, but his wife didn't approve because she felt it didn't help support his family.
• He also was in the infantry, was a stonemason and also was a sculptor.
• Socrates is not famous for any writings.
• Socrates’ opinion about the moons and the skies came from a scientific point of view rather than those who believed in the Gods and Goddesses. His disbelief got him in trouble and eventually led to his death.

Plato

• Plato was born in 427 BC and died in 347 BC.
• He was a student of Socrates and the teacher of Aristotle
• Plato wrote his books in the form of dialogues - people talking about ideas, and sometimes disagreeing about them.

Aristotle

• 384 - 322 BC
• was a Greek philosopher and scientist.
• his writings include many subjects such as physics, biology, logic, theater, rhetoric, poetry, ethics, aesthetics, politics and government.
• his philosophical thinking and theological thinking are influence Islam and Judaism for a long time.
• Aristotle thought heavy things will falling faster than lighter things. This theory was repudiate by Galileo’s experiment at the Leaning Tower of Pisa in 16 century.

15/03/30

today we keep working on our paper. Suky was not here because she went to softball game. we put our paragraph together and check the grammar and spelling.

15/03/27

we keep working on our paper today. i think we almost done. we just need to write conclusion and i think we will finish it on Monday.

15/03/25

God and Goddess (relationship)

Poseidon 

• God of seas, rivers, floods
• brother of Zeus 

Aphrodite 

• Goddess of love, beauty, desire, sexuality
• had lovers of both god and men 
• lover include: Ares(god of war), Adonis (god of desire), Anchises (a mortal)

Dionysus 

• god of wine
• was son of Zeus(God) and Semele(a human)

Zeus

• ruler of heaven and earth
• father of Athena
• God of the sky, weather, thunder, lightning, law, order and Justice
• had a temper and was known to hurl thunderbolts 

Athena

• Goddess of wisdom, skill, warfare and peace
• was born from Zeus head fully formed and armored
• a speacial patron of heroes
• patron of Athena (city named after her)

Apollo

• god of music, art, knowledge, healing
• son of Zeus
• brother of Artemis (associated with the moon)
• associated with the sun

Demeter

• goddess of the grain harvest agriculture
• Zeus's sister

The fighting Spartans

• Greeks were certainly a warlike people 
• Spartans were known for their tough, ruthless infantry: soldiers who fought on land 
• Spartan boys trained from the time they were seven
• real Spartan were much more fearsome than those oily gym rats in the movie 300

A naval power

• Athens had a great infantry, but nothing could compare with their navy
• most effective weapon was the trireme

the Phalanx

• close - rank, dense grouping of warriors 
• armed with long spears and interlocking shields

Socrates 

• looked to science and logic for explanations of how the world worked
• the Socratic method foster critical thinking
• Socrates was changed with serious crimes 

15/03/23

today we talked about the essay we going to write on Wednesday (or Thursday). we will write a 1000 words essay to talk about the same topic we do for google slid.

15/03/20

we presented our google slides today. we wanted to do it first. but actually we were the last one and we just did a little part of it. i don't know we will continue our presentation next week or not.

here are some note in others presentation:

Homer

• the story teller
• no one knows for a fact that Homer actually lived
• would have been born before calender
• was famous for his poetry
• died in Greece
• Homer was blind
• first great writer
• his writing style formed Greek education and influenced western civilization
• the poems of lliad represent the seige of the city

Pericales 

• 495 - 429 BC
• was a brilliant general, orator (A public speaker), patorn of the heart
• grew up in the company of artists and philosophers
• was a master orator

An Aristocracy is a government ruled 

• Tyranny was common in ancient Greece. Power is not inherited like a monarchy

Greek Gods and Goddess

• Apollo - God of sun and light
• Amphitrite - Greek Goddess of the sea
• Eriene - Goddess of peace 
• Zeus - God of sky and thunder
• Athena - Goddess of Athens, wisdom and intelligence
• Ares - God of war
• Hades - God of the dead, king of the underground, brother of Zeus
• God and Goddess are important because they control over many different aspect

Athens, Sparta and the Peloponnesiam War

• 
  

Art and Architecture in Ancient Greece

• Architecture - showing political power
• Frieze - most famous frieze is on the
• classical architecture in ancient Greek
• Doric - very sturdy
• Ionic
• Corinthian  
• red figure - style of Greek(530 BC)
• black figure - 700 BC

15/03/19

with Hippias gone, Isagoras and Cleisthenes, both were aristocrats, engaged in a power struggle

Isagoras had support from some fellow aristocrats, plus from Sparta

Cleisthenes had support of the majority of Athenians

Isagoras 

• becomes archon eponymous (tyrant) in 508 B.C.
• He ostracizes Cleisthenes

Cleisthenes

• a member of the elite
• very rich
• insulated from the “hoi polloi”
• a crafty politician

15/03/18

transformation of government 

• During the seventh and sixth centuries BCE, aristrocrats ran the show in most of Greece. Rich people held much more influence in society, and held much more governmental power, than the middle class or the poor.

Aristocracy 

• Aristocracy is rule by aristocrats

an exclusive club

• no women (except the “entertanment”)
• no middle class
• no slave
• sometimes, even certain aristocrats (who didn’t have the right connections or who fell out of favor) were excluded

Tyrants seize control

• sometimes aristocrats would form alliances with hoplites (well-armed soldiers), and set up an alternative form of gov’t called a tyranny
• tyrant: someone who rules outside the framework of the polis

Hippias

• Hippias was a tyrant who ruled from 527 to 510 BCE
• his brother was murdered, and his rule became harsh
• eventually he was expelled from Athens (this is called being ostracized)

15/03/14

today we continue our powerpoint. Since i do Aristotle, i decide to find out his information like who he is, when he was born, his relationship between Socrates and Plato.
Aristotle is a philosopher and scientist in ancient Greek. he was born in 384-322 BC. He was a Student of Plato. and Socrates is Plato's teacher. and i also find our his writing include physics, biology, logic, theater, rhetoric, poetry, ethics, aesthetics, politics and government.
Aristotle have a theory which is heavier things drop faster than lighter things. this theory was repudiate by Galileo’s experiment at the Leaning Tower of Pisa in 16 century.

15/03/12

Chris, Suky, and me are in one group. And our topic is Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle - Three Great Philosophers.

I will do Aristotle, Chris will do Socrates and Suky will do Plato. 

15/03/11

Homer - the storyteller
Greek oral tradition - stories passed on by word of mouth
Homer lived at the end of the Greek Dark Ages
He composed stories of the Trojan War c. 750 - 700 BCE

• the lliad - probably one of the last conquests of the Mycenaeans (the Trojan War)
• The Odyssey - Odysseus attempt to return home, being thwarted by the angry god of the sea, Poseidon

the Odyssey was 12,110 lines of dactylic hexameter 

Did Homer actually exist?

• the "Homeric question" - Homer may have been a mythical creation himself
• a blind wandering minstrel; an heroic figure
• lliad and Odyssey may be the culmination of many generations of storytelling
• or Homer actually existed.

15/03/09

(ancient) Greece is the word
the greatest world civilization all located on rivers

• Mesopotamia / Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
• Egypt / Nile River
• India / Indus River
• China / Huang He River

Geography

• Greece is a mountainous peninsula
• mountains cover ¾ of Greece
• approximately 1400 islands in the Adriatic, Ionian, and Aegean Seas
• this combination shaped Greece’s culture
• they had many skilled sailors and shipbuilders
• they had poor / limited natural resources, so they needed to trade
• it was difficult to unite the ancient Greeks because of the terrain
• they developed small, independent communities) city-states
• Greek diet consists of grains, grapes, olives
• although fertile valleys cover one quarter of the peninsula, only about 20% is suitable for farming

15/03/06

Aristotle (384 B.C. - 322 B.C.) is one of the great philosopher, scientist and educator. Also. he is student of Plato(the great philosopher in ancient Greek history and one of the great philosopher and thinker in entire western culture. Also, his teacher is Socrates) and teacher of Alexander. In 335 B.C, he created a school called Luceion (Peripateic school). As a scientist like an encyclopaedia, he almost made a contribution to every subject. His writing involved moral philosophy, metaphysics, psychology, economics, theology, political science, rhetoric, natural science,pedagogy, poetry and Athenian legal. His writing opus structure an universal system of western philosophy, which included morality, aesthetics, logic, science, political, metaphysics. Aristotle affect probably all the philosopher after him.

Aristotle said science and be divided into three categories:

• Ethics of science (Mathematical, natural science and first philosophy)
• the science of practice (Ethics, Political science, economics, strategy, modify learning)
• the science of creation (Poetic)

15/03/05

The Acropolis

• built at 580 B.C.
• central place of religion and politics 
• at first, The Acropolis was used for defense from foreign enemies' invade
• at 480 B.C. The Acropolis was completely destroy. After The Persian Wars, Greeks spent 40 years to rebuilt The Acropolis.
• The Acropolis is a sanctuary for citizen. It had solid city wall around The Acropolis.
• The only way to enter The Acropolis is enter from west side. Other three sides are cliffs. There were no way that enemies can attach them from North, South and East. So it is easy for them to defense. 
• The Acropolis is the most outstanding ancient building group. 
• has important position in architecture history
• one of the most importance masterpiece in ancient Greece

The Parthenon Temple 

• main building in the Acropolis
• built at 477 B.C. to 432 B.C.
• used Doric Order
• designer: Ictinus and Callicrates
• located at the highest place in The Acropolis 
• floor space: 23,000 sq ft
• 46 marble columns support the Temple. Those columns had 34ft. long.
• In the end of 19 century, people tried to repair The Parthenon Temple but they can not completely repair the Temple. 

The Greek Theatre

• The Greek Theatre was not built for audience, but for architects. It reflects the relationship between the architect and actor.
• it don't have edge or balcony, even don't have front set. 
• Theater at Epidaurus probably is the best preserved in all the Greek Theatre

15/03/04

today we have 2 hours late so our class was not long enough to learn new things. so Mr. Schick talk about cyber day, why we need to check our teachers' website and why he have to post our assignment at ten. in most of public school, they don't use computer so they can't post assignment online. so their summer holiday will be shorter because they need more time to finish the school works.

15/03/02

(Ancient)Greece is the World - an introduction to a great civilization

Great civilization / key river

• Mesopotamia / Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
• Egypt / Nile River
• India / Indus River
• China / Huang He River

QUESTION  

1. note the significance of Greece’s location

• The Ancient Greece was located among Africa,  Asian and Europe. There was not wide plain for irrigation or large river for transportation, mountain ridge separated land into many little pieces. But largamente sea area gave them opportunity to develop. Mediterranean climate make Greece abound in wine and olive oil.  Provided commodity for oversea trade.

2. Describe Greece’s topography

• Three face the sea
• Mediterranean climate
• Don't have wide plain or large river
• Lots of Harbor
• Devious coastline

3. Look at Greece’s surroundings

• Greece's neighbor countries are Persian and Roman.
• Greece's Coastal are Aegean Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Sea of Crete, and Ionian Sea

4. How would all this affect their culture?

• Ancient Greece were doing the oversea trade, so they had foreign exchange. After exchange, they can learn some new technology, culture, art, religions and even military force. 

5. What bodies of water surround Greece?

• Aegean Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Sea of Crete, and Ionian Sea

6. What large island is to the south/southeast?

• Crete

7. Describe where Athens and Sparta are located relating to the sea, and to each other

• Athens and Sparta are both located near by the sea. And Athens and Sparta are the most powerful polis in Ancient Greece.