review: ancient Greek

the world's great civilization all located on rivers.

• Mesopotamia / Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
• Egypt / Nile River
• India / Indus River
• China / Huang He River

Homer

• the story teller
• no one knows for a fact that Homer actually lived
• would have been born before calender
• was famous for his poetry
• died in Greece
• Homer was blind
• first great writer
• his writing style formed Greek education and influenced western civilization
• the poems of lliad represent the seige of the city

Pericales 

• 495 - 429 BC
• was a brilliant general, orator (A public speaker), patorn of the heart
• grew up in the company of artists and philosophers
• was a master orator

An Aristocracy is a government ruled 

• Tyranny was common in ancient Greece. Power is not inherited like a monarchy

Greek Gods and Goddess

• Amphitrite - Greek Goddess of the sea
• Eriene - Goddess of peace 
• Ares - God of war
• Hades - God of the dead, king of the underground, brother of Zeus
• Poseidon - God of seas, rivers, floods, brother of Zeus 
• Aphrodite - Goddess of love, beauty, desire, sexuality, had lovers of both god and men, her lover include: Ares(god of war), Adonis (god of desire), Anchises (a mortal)
• Dionysus  - god of wine, was son of Zeus(God) and Semele(a human)
• Zeus - ruler of heaven and earth, father of Athena, God of the sky, weather, thunder, lightning, law, order and Justice, and he had a temper and was known to hurl thunderbolts 
• Athena - Goddess of wisdom, skill, warfare and peace, was born from Zeus head fully formed and armored, a speacial patron of heroes, patron of Athena (city named after her)
• Apollo - god of music, art, knowledge, healing, son of Zeus, brother of Artemis (associated with the moon), associated with the sun
• Demeter - goddess of the grain harvest agriculture, Zeus's sister
• God and Goddess are important because they control over many different aspect

Athens, Sparta and the Peloponnesiam War

• Greeks were certainly a warlike people 
• Spartans were known for their tough, ruthless infantry: soldiers who fought on land 
• Spartan boys trained from the time they were seven
• real Spartan were much more fearsome than those oily gym rats in the movie 300

Art and Architecture in Ancient Greece

• Architecture - showing political power
• Frieze - most famous frieze is on the
• classical architecture in ancient Greek
• Doric - very sturdy
• Ionic
• Corinthian  
• red figure - style of Greek(530 BC)
• black figure - 700 BC

Socrates, Plato and Aristotle

Socrates

• Socrates was born in 469 BCE and died in 399 BCE.
• He is one of the most famous and influential philosophers from Greece.
• Philosophy was his passion, but his wife didn't approve because she felt it didn't help support his family.
• He also was in the infantry, was a stonemason and also was a sculptor.
• Socrates is not famous for any writings.
• Socrates’ opinion about the moons and the skies came from a scientific point of view rather than those who believed in the Gods and Goddesses. His disbelief got him in trouble and eventually led to his death.

Plato

• Plato was born in 427 BC and died in 347 BC.
• He was a student of Socrates and the teacher of Aristotle
• Plato wrote his books in the form of dialogues - people talking about ideas, and sometimes disagreeing about them.

Aristotle

• 384 - 322 BC
• was a Greek philosopher and scientist.
• his writings include many subjects such as physics, biology, logic, theater, rhetoric, poetry, ethics, aesthetics, politics and government.
• his philosophical thinking and theological thinking are influence Islam and Judaism for a long time.
• Aristotle thought heavy things will falling faster than lighter things. This theory was repudiate by Galileo’s experiment at the Leaning Tower of Pisa in 16 century.