15/05/27

We took a test today which is about ancient Rome. I reviewed really hard last night and I thought I will do well. But, I still got 10 wrong... We will take the essay part which is for our final exam tomorrow. I hope I will do well on it.

15/05/23

today in class, we were review for the Rome test next week. and also, on Thursday, we are going to write essay which is for the final exam. at the end of the class, Mr. Schick brought some cookie for us.

15/05/18 - 15/05/21

this week, we are presenting our project in class. the project is about ancient rome. Suky and I presented our project on Thursday. our project include one video, one model and one drawing. most part of the video is made by Suky, and most part of the model is made by me. our drawing is roman rich people and roman poor people. we can see, there are some really big different between rich people and poor people. the poor people have darker skin and there hands are bigger.we drew the rich people and suky drew the poor beople. i think we did great.

15/05/14

Poor plebs

• how do you keep the plebs happy (at least keep them from revolting)?
• the poet Juvenal said the people “anxiously hopes for two things: bread and circuses”
• bread (free grain from the state) and entertainment (Circus Maximus, Colosseum), partly to keep them alive, and partly to keep them quiet

Changing in rule

• Tiberius Gracchus recognized the advantages of courting the plebeians (even though he was ultimately unsuccessful)
• military general worked that angle - lead an army the conquers a land, then give them a share in the spoils
• soldier' loyalty was to their military leader, not necessarily to Rome or the Republic 

Julius Caesar

• 100 - 44 BCE
• a highly successful general
• he conquered the huge territory of Gual
• made common folks happy
• made friends in high places (Pompey, a general who conquered Syria and Palestine; Crassus, the richest man in Rome, one of the richest men in all history)
• theses three men formed the First Triumvirate (means "rule of three men")

11/05/13

today in class we took a little quiz. all of us did not know we have quiz today and i did not review at all. so, my grade was...
after the quiz, we are working on our project. the project is due on next monday.

15/05/11

today we watch a video in class which is about ancient Rome. their leader was dead and his son Tiberius lead them to fight with Carthage. Tiberius was dead 20 years later. the king's wife, Tiberius' mother, make a dead masque for the king and keep it in the palace.

15/05/08

Mr. Schick was here today so we went to Mr. Gaudreau's room and working on our project.

25/05/07

Today in Western Civilization class Mr. Schick's computer didn't work so we watched a video, which named "The Rise and Fall of an Empire". Suky didn't take her computer so we share, and i have my headphones with me (So luck!!!)

15/05/06

Roman legion

• 5000 soldier, not in it for pay
• - the Roman army's elite heavy infantry 
• - recruited exclusively from Roman citizens 
• group of eight's a century 
• on horseback is the cavalry 
• shield sword dagger, and armor and tunic 

The Punic War

• 264 - 146 BCE
• Rome vs. Carthage
• Three war

First Punic War

• 264 - 241 BCE (23 year)
• naval battles for control of the strategically located island of Sicily 
• Rome wins this one

Second Punic War 

• 218 - 201 BCE (17 years)
• 29 - year - old Carthaginian general Hannibal almost does the impossible: taking Rome 
• attack Rome from the North after crossing Iberia (Spain) and the Alps
• lays siege to much of peninsula for 15 years, but he never can get to Rome

Third (and final) Punic War

• 149 - 149 BCE (only 3 year)
• Rome wanted ti finally remove the treat of Carthage
• Scipio, Tiberius Gracchus, and others mercilessly attacked the city
• Carthage was burned for 17 days; the city's walls and building are utterly destroyed
• when the war ended the last 50,000 people in the city were sold into slavery
• the rest of Carthage's territories were annexed and made into the Roman province of Africa

Economic change

• slaves poured into Italy (50,000 Carthaginians, 150,000 Greek POWs, etc.)
• by the end of the second century BCE there were over a million slaves in Italy
• small farmers lost their land to aristocrats (for little or no money) if they couldn’t pay their debts, sometimes because the men of the farm were fighting battles
• slaves did the work on the farms for the rich
• the big farms became massive estates called latifundia

15/05/04

Three government rolled into one Patricians 

• Rule of Kings is replaced by rule of the consuls 
• consuls are elected officials
• term of office: one year
• always aristocrats (patricians)
• patricians traced their descent from a famous ancestor or pater ("father")
• duties: dealing justice, making law, commanding the army
• one consul could veto the other (reducing the power of the individual)

a challenge from the "regular folks"

• fifth century BCE - patrician dominance of the government was challenged by the plebs ("people")
• plebs were 98% of the population 
• how did the patricians dominate?
• - plebs had to serve in the army, but could not hold office
• - plebs were threatened with debt slavery
• plebs had no legal rights

no legal rights

• plebs were victims of discriminatory decisions in judicial trials
• Rome had no actual laws, just unwritten customs
• patricians could interpret these to their own advantage 
• plebs refused to serve in the military until ...
• - laws were written out [The Law of the Twelve Tables]
• - these laws (on tablets) were posted in public (in 450 BCE)
• - tribunes ("tribal leaders") were elected 

SPQR - Senatus Populusque Romanum 

res publica - the people's affairs

• democracy (the people's assembly and the tribunes)
• aristocracy (the Senate - approx. 300 members)
• plus monarchy (the consuls)
• not a tyranny

Government: ancient Roman/USA

• the US modeled their new government on the model used by the ancient Romans
• not exactly same
• both have three branches of government
• - executive
• - legislative 
• - judicial
• both have a legal code 

Three branches [1]

Executive (Rome)

• two consuls
• one year terms
• each has veto power
• controls the military
• could appoint a dictator in a crisis for six - month term

Executive (USA)

• president (and VP)
• four year terms
• can veto proposed laws
• commander - in - Chief

Three branches [2]

legislative (Rome)

• Senate - 300 people - aristocrats - members for life
• Assemblies 

legislative (USA)

• Senate - 100 senators (two from each state) - six-year terms
• House of Representative - 435 members  - two-year terms

Three branches [3]

Judicial (Rome)

• Praetors
• chosen by the Centuriate Assembly 
• one - year terms

Judicial (USA)

• Supreme Court
• nine members
• appointed by the President, confirmed by the Senate
• lifetime terms

Legal code

Twelve Tables （Rome）

• publically displayed 
• gave rights to plebeians, not just aristocrats
• only protected freeborn male citizens (not women)

Bill of Rights (USA)

• first ten amendments to the Constitution 

 

15/04/30

Etruscans 

• came from the north - central part of peninsula
• metalworkers, artists, architects
• two foundation myths: Virgil's Aeneid (Where Aeneas escapes from Troy - Sound familiar) Plus the story of Remus and Romulus 

Greek

• they had many colonies around the Mediterranean Sea
• Romans borrowed ideas from then
• - religious beliefs
• - alphabet
• - much of their art
• - military technique and weaponry

The Latin 

• descendants of Indo - Europeans
• settled on the banks of Tiber
• situated so trading ships - but not war fleets 
• - could navigate as far as Rome, but not further
• a commercial port, but not susceptible to attack
• build on seven hill

They drained a swamp

• many steams flowed into the Tiber
• there was a marshy area called the Forum, between Palatine and Capitoline Hills
• Tarquin the Proud's grandfather built the Cloca Maxima (largest ancient drain), which channeled water into Tiber

Tarquin the Proud 

• Lucius Tarquinias Superbus
• the seventh and final king of Rome
• known as Tarquin the Proud (sometimes referred to as Tarquin the Arrogant)
• a true tyrant, in the old and modern sense of the word

15/04/29

I wasn't at school today because I went to UMBC today.

15/04/27

Colosseum

• The Colosseum was built in  70 AD, located just east of the Roman Forum.
• Rome's Colosseum has beedshed the site of celebration, sporting events and bloodshed.
• The Colosseum was a gift to the Roman people from Emperor Vespasian of the Flavian dynasty around 70 - 72 AD.
• In 80 AD, Vespasion's son, Titus, opened the Colosseum officially known as "Flavian Amphitheater", with 100 days of games, including gladiatorial combats and wild animal fights.
• Measuring some 620 by 513 feet (190 by 155 meters), the Colosseum was the largest amphitheater in the Roman world. Each story contained columns of a different order (or style): At the bottom were columns of the relatively simple Doric order, followed by Ionic and topped by the ornate Corinthian order.
• the Colosseum had seating for more than 50,000 spectators,
• Gladiators were generally slaves, condemned criminals or prisoners of war.
• web: http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/colosseum

Aqueducts 

• the Aqueducts is the greatest achievements in the ancient world.
• The Aqueducts not only provided drinking water for the Romans but indoor sewer systems
• 260 miles of rock, and about 30 miles of above ground bridges and crossways 
• The entire system relied on various gradients and gravity to maintain a continuous flow.The water rushed from higher ground via the ducts and emptied into giant cisterns in the city.
• 11 separate aqueducts supplied the city of Rome and were built over a span of 500 years.
• web: http://www.unrv.com/culture/roman-aqueducts.php

Circus Maximus 

• was the first and largest circus in Rome
• it existed as least as early as 4th century. 
•  621 m (2,037 ft) in length and 118 m (387 ft) in width. It could accommodate about 150,000 spectators.
• the circus is free for all level of Roman society. it is really popular in Roman to watch the circus. 
• the last race at Circus Maximus was in 549 AD
• web: http://romancolosseum.org/circus-maximus-in-rome/

Roman Foram

• The Forum Romanum was the center of life in Imperial Rome, evidenced by the many remains of triumphal arches, temples and basilicas.
• started as a market. Then it became a the economic, political, and religious hub, town square, and center of all Rome.
• was ancient Rome's showpiece centre, a grandiose district of temples, basilicas and vibrant public spaces.
  
• was originally an Etruscan burial ground, was first developed in the 7th century BC, growing over time to become the social, political and commercial hub of the Roman empire.
  

15/04/24

We spent time to do our project in Western Civilization class. My partner is Suky. I can't tell what we are going to do because this is a secret o(^▽^)o

15/04/23

Republican Values

• Romans had strong values and a particular connection to the gods Jupiter (Zeus), Juno (Hera) and Minerva (Athena)
• Romans believed that it was every citizen's duty to participate in government and war, excluding women
• The Roman family and clan (group of related families) was paternalistic and the "family father" had complete control
• Married women were also revered in Rome as "matrons"

Roman Expansion 

 - Allies and colonies

• Rome was a military culture and made a number of improvements to the order Greek tactics which made their army nimble can effective
• When Rome conquered a neighboring territory, they offen extended Roman rights and privileges to the conquered people, absorbing them into Rome itself
• non - Romans in Italy, anxious to be become Roman citizens

Tarquin the proud was a name of a tyrant.

New form government called republic - Democracy, Aristocracy, Monarchy. Aristocracy is the most powerful group because they are rich. 

15/04/22

I forgot to bring my notebook home so the note we took today will be post on tomorrow's blog.(●'◡'●)

15/04/20

Etruscan (9 B.C. move in Italy), Greece (8 B.C. colonies in South Italy, all around the Mediterranean in the Tiber River) and Latin are the first settlers on the peninsula.

Remus and Romulus were brothers. They have a argument about which way they will go to find their land. Then Romulus killed Remus, and he named the city by his name, this city is "Rome".

City - state and Empire: the Roman Republic
Italy and Its Peoples

• Indo - European tribes moved into the Italian peninsula and some settled along the Tiber River creating the city - state known as Rome.
• The Etruscan people, originally from the East, had settled in the North of Italy and were an early influence on the Romans 
• The Romans were also influenced by the Greek settlement to their South and learned the alphabet and city - state organization from them.

The Roman Republic

• Rome was a monarchy on the Etruscan model with a council of elders called the "Senate".
• C. 500 B.C.  the Romans overthrew their monarchy and established a "Republic"
• since the Senate was populated only by patricians (aristocratic men), the plebeians (ordinary citizens)fought for a vote in Rome's government
• Each year the Senate elected two rulers, "consuls", who each served a term of one year
• Asin the Greek city - states, the Romans would appoint a single dictator in times on war or conflict. 

The Roman Republic: The Senate and the People

• Eventually the plebeians gained power in the Senate by electing their own magistrates, called "tribunes"
• In 450 B.C. the law of Rome were codified and written into the "Twelve Tablets"
• The "mixed" government of patricians and plebeians had many of the checks and balance that modern democracies have today.

15/04/16

Today in Western Civilization we watched the video "Plato's Allegory of cave". This is the Video we didn't watch yesterday. The people in the video are locked in a dark cave. They don't know what the outside world looks like. The only thing they see every day is the shadow from the hold behind them. One day a guy went out the cave and saw the real world. He came back to the cave and tried to tell his friends. But his friends thought he was crazy and laugh about him. So I guess the video is trying to say, people like live in the life they believe rather than trust the truth.

15/04/15

Today in Western Civilization class we were talking about our essay and the grammar mistakes we made, such as run - on sentences. Also, we can't use "&" in our essay, we must use "and". We were going to watch a video but we didn't have time. I guess we will watch next class.

15/04/13

today we were talking about the test we took before the break. And Mr. Schick gave us our grade for the paper. We did great.

15/04/01

we took the test today. and my grade is......there were only two questions i really sure they re right because the answers are China U_U

review: ancient Greek

the world's great civilization all located on rivers.

• Mesopotamia / Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
• Egypt / Nile River
• India / Indus River
• China / Huang He River

Homer

• the story teller
• no one knows for a fact that Homer actually lived
• would have been born before calender
• was famous for his poetry
• died in Greece
• Homer was blind
• first great writer
• his writing style formed Greek education and influenced western civilization
• the poems of lliad represent the seige of the city

Pericales 

• 495 - 429 BC
• was a brilliant general, orator (A public speaker), patorn of the heart
• grew up in the company of artists and philosophers
• was a master orator

An Aristocracy is a government ruled 

• Tyranny was common in ancient Greece. Power is not inherited like a monarchy

Greek Gods and Goddess

• Amphitrite - Greek Goddess of the sea
• Eriene - Goddess of peace 
• Ares - God of war
• Hades - God of the dead, king of the underground, brother of Zeus
• Poseidon - God of seas, rivers, floods, brother of Zeus 
• Aphrodite - Goddess of love, beauty, desire, sexuality, had lovers of both god and men, her lover include: Ares(god of war), Adonis (god of desire), Anchises (a mortal)
• Dionysus  - god of wine, was son of Zeus(God) and Semele(a human)
• Zeus - ruler of heaven and earth, father of Athena, God of the sky, weather, thunder, lightning, law, order and Justice, and he had a temper and was known to hurl thunderbolts 
• Athena - Goddess of wisdom, skill, warfare and peace, was born from Zeus head fully formed and armored, a speacial patron of heroes, patron of Athena (city named after her)
• Apollo - god of music, art, knowledge, healing, son of Zeus, brother of Artemis (associated with the moon), associated with the sun
• Demeter - goddess of the grain harvest agriculture, Zeus's sister
• God and Goddess are important because they control over many different aspect

Athens, Sparta and the Peloponnesiam War

• Greeks were certainly a warlike people 
• Spartans were known for their tough, ruthless infantry: soldiers who fought on land 
• Spartan boys trained from the time they were seven
• real Spartan were much more fearsome than those oily gym rats in the movie 300

Art and Architecture in Ancient Greece

• Architecture - showing political power
• Frieze - most famous frieze is on the
• classical architecture in ancient Greek
• Doric - very sturdy
• Ionic
• Corinthian  
• red figure - style of Greek(530 BC)
• black figure - 700 BC

Socrates, Plato and Aristotle

Socrates

• Socrates was born in 469 BCE and died in 399 BCE.
• He is one of the most famous and influential philosophers from Greece.
• Philosophy was his passion, but his wife didn't approve because she felt it didn't help support his family.
• He also was in the infantry, was a stonemason and also was a sculptor.
• Socrates is not famous for any writings.
• Socrates’ opinion about the moons and the skies came from a scientific point of view rather than those who believed in the Gods and Goddesses. His disbelief got him in trouble and eventually led to his death.

Plato

• Plato was born in 427 BC and died in 347 BC.
• He was a student of Socrates and the teacher of Aristotle
• Plato wrote his books in the form of dialogues - people talking about ideas, and sometimes disagreeing about them.

Aristotle

• 384 - 322 BC
• was a Greek philosopher and scientist.
• his writings include many subjects such as physics, biology, logic, theater, rhetoric, poetry, ethics, aesthetics, politics and government.
• his philosophical thinking and theological thinking are influence Islam and Judaism for a long time.
• Aristotle thought heavy things will falling faster than lighter things. This theory was repudiate by Galileo’s experiment at the Leaning Tower of Pisa in 16 century.

15/03/30

today we keep working on our paper. Suky was not here because she went to softball game. we put our paragraph together and check the grammar and spelling.

15/03/27

we keep working on our paper today. i think we almost done. we just need to write conclusion and i think we will finish it on Monday.

15/03/25

God and Goddess (relationship)

Poseidon 

• God of seas, rivers, floods
• brother of Zeus 

Aphrodite 

• Goddess of love, beauty, desire, sexuality
• had lovers of both god and men 
• lover include: Ares(god of war), Adonis (god of desire), Anchises (a mortal)

Dionysus 

• god of wine
• was son of Zeus(God) and Semele(a human)

Zeus

• ruler of heaven and earth
• father of Athena
• God of the sky, weather, thunder, lightning, law, order and Justice
• had a temper and was known to hurl thunderbolts 

Athena

• Goddess of wisdom, skill, warfare and peace
• was born from Zeus head fully formed and armored
• a speacial patron of heroes
• patron of Athena (city named after her)

Apollo

• god of music, art, knowledge, healing
• son of Zeus
• brother of Artemis (associated with the moon)
• associated with the sun

Demeter

• goddess of the grain harvest agriculture
• Zeus's sister

The fighting Spartans

• Greeks were certainly a warlike people 
• Spartans were known for their tough, ruthless infantry: soldiers who fought on land 
• Spartan boys trained from the time they were seven
• real Spartan were much more fearsome than those oily gym rats in the movie 300

A naval power

• Athens had a great infantry, but nothing could compare with their navy
• most effective weapon was the trireme

the Phalanx

• close - rank, dense grouping of warriors 
• armed with long spears and interlocking shields

Socrates 

• looked to science and logic for explanations of how the world worked
• the Socratic method foster critical thinking
• Socrates was changed with serious crimes 

15/03/23

today we talked about the essay we going to write on Wednesday (or Thursday). we will write a 1000 words essay to talk about the same topic we do for google slid.

15/03/20

we presented our google slides today. we wanted to do it first. but actually we were the last one and we just did a little part of it. i don't know we will continue our presentation next week or not.

here are some note in others presentation:

Homer

• the story teller
• no one knows for a fact that Homer actually lived
• would have been born before calender
• was famous for his poetry
• died in Greece
• Homer was blind
• first great writer
• his writing style formed Greek education and influenced western civilization
• the poems of lliad represent the seige of the city

Pericales 

• 495 - 429 BC
• was a brilliant general, orator (A public speaker), patorn of the heart
• grew up in the company of artists and philosophers
• was a master orator

An Aristocracy is a government ruled 

• Tyranny was common in ancient Greece. Power is not inherited like a monarchy

Greek Gods and Goddess

• Apollo - God of sun and light
• Amphitrite - Greek Goddess of the sea
• Eriene - Goddess of peace 
• Zeus - God of sky and thunder
• Athena - Goddess of Athens, wisdom and intelligence
• Ares - God of war
• Hades - God of the dead, king of the underground, brother of Zeus
• God and Goddess are important because they control over many different aspect

Athens, Sparta and the Peloponnesiam War

• 
  

Art and Architecture in Ancient Greece

• Architecture - showing political power
• Frieze - most famous frieze is on the
• classical architecture in ancient Greek
• Doric - very sturdy
• Ionic
• Corinthian  
• red figure - style of Greek(530 BC)
• black figure - 700 BC

15/03/19

with Hippias gone, Isagoras and Cleisthenes, both were aristocrats, engaged in a power struggle

Isagoras had support from some fellow aristocrats, plus from Sparta

Cleisthenes had support of the majority of Athenians

Isagoras 

• becomes archon eponymous (tyrant) in 508 B.C.
• He ostracizes Cleisthenes

Cleisthenes

• a member of the elite
• very rich
• insulated from the “hoi polloi”
• a crafty politician

15/03/18

transformation of government 

• During the seventh and sixth centuries BCE, aristrocrats ran the show in most of Greece. Rich people held much more influence in society, and held much more governmental power, than the middle class or the poor.

Aristocracy 

• Aristocracy is rule by aristocrats

an exclusive club

• no women (except the “entertanment”)
• no middle class
• no slave
• sometimes, even certain aristocrats (who didn’t have the right connections or who fell out of favor) were excluded

Tyrants seize control

• sometimes aristocrats would form alliances with hoplites (well-armed soldiers), and set up an alternative form of gov’t called a tyranny
• tyrant: someone who rules outside the framework of the polis

Hippias

• Hippias was a tyrant who ruled from 527 to 510 BCE
• his brother was murdered, and his rule became harsh
• eventually he was expelled from Athens (this is called being ostracized)

15/03/14

today we continue our powerpoint. Since i do Aristotle, i decide to find out his information like who he is, when he was born, his relationship between Socrates and Plato.
Aristotle is a philosopher and scientist in ancient Greek. he was born in 384-322 BC. He was a Student of Plato. and Socrates is Plato's teacher. and i also find our his writing include physics, biology, logic, theater, rhetoric, poetry, ethics, aesthetics, politics and government.
Aristotle have a theory which is heavier things drop faster than lighter things. this theory was repudiate by Galileo’s experiment at the Leaning Tower of Pisa in 16 century.

15/03/12

Chris, Suky, and me are in one group. And our topic is Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle - Three Great Philosophers.

I will do Aristotle, Chris will do Socrates and Suky will do Plato. 

15/03/11

Homer - the storyteller
Greek oral tradition - stories passed on by word of mouth
Homer lived at the end of the Greek Dark Ages
He composed stories of the Trojan War c. 750 - 700 BCE

• the lliad - probably one of the last conquests of the Mycenaeans (the Trojan War)
• The Odyssey - Odysseus attempt to return home, being thwarted by the angry god of the sea, Poseidon

the Odyssey was 12,110 lines of dactylic hexameter 

Did Homer actually exist?

• the "Homeric question" - Homer may have been a mythical creation himself
• a blind wandering minstrel; an heroic figure
• lliad and Odyssey may be the culmination of many generations of storytelling
• or Homer actually existed.

15/03/09

(ancient) Greece is the word
the greatest world civilization all located on rivers

• Mesopotamia / Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
• Egypt / Nile River
• India / Indus River
• China / Huang He River

Geography

• Greece is a mountainous peninsula
• mountains cover ¾ of Greece
• approximately 1400 islands in the Adriatic, Ionian, and Aegean Seas
• this combination shaped Greece’s culture
• they had many skilled sailors and shipbuilders
• they had poor / limited natural resources, so they needed to trade
• it was difficult to unite the ancient Greeks because of the terrain
• they developed small, independent communities) city-states
• Greek diet consists of grains, grapes, olives
• although fertile valleys cover one quarter of the peninsula, only about 20% is suitable for farming

15/03/06

Aristotle (384 B.C. - 322 B.C.) is one of the great philosopher, scientist and educator. Also. he is student of Plato(the great philosopher in ancient Greek history and one of the great philosopher and thinker in entire western culture. Also, his teacher is Socrates) and teacher of Alexander. In 335 B.C, he created a school called Luceion (Peripateic school). As a scientist like an encyclopaedia, he almost made a contribution to every subject. His writing involved moral philosophy, metaphysics, psychology, economics, theology, political science, rhetoric, natural science,pedagogy, poetry and Athenian legal. His writing opus structure an universal system of western philosophy, which included morality, aesthetics, logic, science, political, metaphysics. Aristotle affect probably all the philosopher after him.

Aristotle said science and be divided into three categories:

• Ethics of science (Mathematical, natural science and first philosophy)
• the science of practice (Ethics, Political science, economics, strategy, modify learning)
• the science of creation (Poetic)

15/03/05

The Acropolis

• built at 580 B.C.
• central place of religion and politics 
• at first, The Acropolis was used for defense from foreign enemies' invade
• at 480 B.C. The Acropolis was completely destroy. After The Persian Wars, Greeks spent 40 years to rebuilt The Acropolis.
• The Acropolis is a sanctuary for citizen. It had solid city wall around The Acropolis.
• The only way to enter The Acropolis is enter from west side. Other three sides are cliffs. There were no way that enemies can attach them from North, South and East. So it is easy for them to defense. 
• The Acropolis is the most outstanding ancient building group. 
• has important position in architecture history
• one of the most importance masterpiece in ancient Greece

The Parthenon Temple 

• main building in the Acropolis
• built at 477 B.C. to 432 B.C.
• used Doric Order
• designer: Ictinus and Callicrates
• located at the highest place in The Acropolis 
• floor space: 23,000 sq ft
• 46 marble columns support the Temple. Those columns had 34ft. long.
• In the end of 19 century, people tried to repair The Parthenon Temple but they can not completely repair the Temple. 

The Greek Theatre

• The Greek Theatre was not built for audience, but for architects. It reflects the relationship between the architect and actor.
• it don't have edge or balcony, even don't have front set. 
• Theater at Epidaurus probably is the best preserved in all the Greek Theatre

15/03/04

today we have 2 hours late so our class was not long enough to learn new things. so Mr. Schick talk about cyber day, why we need to check our teachers' website and why he have to post our assignment at ten. in most of public school, they don't use computer so they can't post assignment online. so their summer holiday will be shorter because they need more time to finish the school works.

15/03/02

(Ancient)Greece is the World - an introduction to a great civilization

Great civilization / key river

• Mesopotamia / Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
• Egypt / Nile River
• India / Indus River
• China / Huang He River

QUESTION  

1. note the significance of Greece’s location

• The Ancient Greece was located among Africa,  Asian and Europe. There was not wide plain for irrigation or large river for transportation, mountain ridge separated land into many little pieces. But largamente sea area gave them opportunity to develop. Mediterranean climate make Greece abound in wine and olive oil.  Provided commodity for oversea trade.

2. Describe Greece’s topography

• Three face the sea
• Mediterranean climate
• Don't have wide plain or large river
• Lots of Harbor
• Devious coastline

3. Look at Greece’s surroundings

• Greece's neighbor countries are Persian and Roman.
• Greece's Coastal are Aegean Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Sea of Crete, and Ionian Sea

4. How would all this affect their culture?

• Ancient Greece were doing the oversea trade, so they had foreign exchange. After exchange, they can learn some new technology, culture, art, religions and even military force. 

5. What bodies of water surround Greece?

• Aegean Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Sea of Crete, and Ionian Sea

6. What large island is to the south/southeast?

• Crete

7. Describe where Athens and Sparta are located relating to the sea, and to each other

• Athens and Sparta are both located near by the sea. And Athens and Sparta are the most powerful polis in Ancient Greece.

15/02/28

we got a test today, and i think i did pretty good(●'◡'●)

review: Ancient Egypt

Nile

• Egyptian live is centered around the Nile River
• South to North
• Flood every July
• leave behind rich soil every October  
• Egyptian used water in Nile River for bathing, drinking, irrigation and transportation
• managing river required technological breakthrough in irrigation 
• upper land was a 500 mile long strip fertile land along Nile
• lower land was a wide land of the Nile delta, emptying into the Mediterranean sea
• the Nile was the major provider of life for Egyptian, was revered in lore and writing.
• around 3100 B.C. two land were united under a single king or "pharaoh" 

Pyramid  

• top of it - pharaoh
• bottom of it - servants and slaves (their job is to help wealthy with household and child raising duties)
• The Great Sphinx of Giza, built 2555 - 2532 B.C, lion body with a human head, the oldest monumental statue in the world
• in a pyramid, top to bottom are: 
• pharaoh, political and religious leader of Egyptians 
• government officials, upper class(know as "white kilt class")priests, engineers, physicians, religious and political leader 
• soldiers, used wooden weapons, might ride chariots 
• scribes,kept record, told stories, wrote poetry, described anatomy and medical treatment. they wrote in hieloglyphs and in hieratic 
• merchants, might accept grain as payment, later, coinage came about.
• artisans, carve statue and relief showing military battles and scenes in the afterlife
• farmers, raised wheat, onion, barley, lentils, benefited form irrigation of Nile
• slaves and secants - their job is to help wealthy with household and child raising duties

Gods and Goddesses

• over 2000 Gods and Goddesses
• they "controlled" the lives of humans

Government by a God - king

• pharaoh was all powerful and worshipped as a God and intimately connected with other God and Goddesses.

15/02/26

1. the water from Nile are used for
a) drinking
b) irrigation
c) transportation
d) all above

2. Egyptian wrote in hieroglyphs and in hieratic

3. God and Goddesses "controlled" the lives of human

4. managing the river required technological breakthroughs in irrigation

5. the oldest monumental statue in the world is The Great Sphinx of Giza

15/02/25

Today in Western Civilization we play "Pyramid Challenge". This game is so hard and odd. but finally Suky and I did it.

Hahahaha~~~~

Mr.Schick!!! Change my grade!!!

15/02/23

Mr. Schick was't at school today. So we study by ourselves. We watched three video, Pyramid Quest, one on mummification, and John Green's Crash Course. And we took some note.

Pyramid Quest:

• In 802 A.D. The youngest son of Harun al-Rashid set up camp looking for the Pharaohs treasure and to find the secret of the weapon.
• Underground hallways are lead to different rooms
• This video talk about the pyramid. the pyramid is the place where Egyptian put the body of pharaoh

Mummy 

• To keep the body
• Sometime they only keep the heart
• The bodies were keep in salt around 40 days
• The bodies were put in a coffin which made by wood
• This is about mummification, why and how they did it.

John Green's Crash Course

• Old Kingdom - 2649- 2152
• Middle Kingdom - 2040- 1640;
• New Kingdom - 1550-1070 

15/02/20

Today is cyber day(again)! But we still have assignment to do. So here is it:

Written language

The Egyptian written Language start with pictogram, back to 6000 B.C. This is one of the oldest writing system in the world. It give us opportunity to know and research about Ancient Egyptian Civilization. And also pictogram appear show us that Ancient Egyptian Civilization is very adultness

The calendar

For us, a calendar can help us to remember our appointment and meeting. But for ancient Egyptian, a calendar could mean the difference between feast and famine. Without calendar they couldn't remember when the annual flooding od the Nile will start.

The plow

Although historians can not really sure about the place that the plow originated, evidence show us the Egyptians and Sumerians were among the first societies to employ its use around 4000 B.C. the plow reduce the strength of labor. This is a revolutionary evolve in ancient Eygpt agriculture.

Shave and a Haircut

The earliest door lock was created around 4000 B.C. They think the hair is dirty so they will cut their hair in summer.

Operation equipment

According to <Edwin Smith Papyrus>, ancient Eygptian can do 48 types of Keleton operation. And they have a whole set of operation equipment include knife, scissor, needle and surgical clmps.